Dissertation Writing Help on Green Energy Strategies in European Utilities
Renewable growth, green tariffs and R&D in new technologies- A study on Green Energy Strategies of European Utilities
Electricité de France (EDF)
In 2005, Electricité de France had a renewable energy capacity of 24,547 MW accounting for almost 19% of its total electricity generation capacity.
Electricity generation during 2005 amounted to 640,247 GWh of which 8% was sourced from renewable energies.
The majority of EDF’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydro power.
EDF supplies to both business and domestic consumers, the Green Energy Tariff which, costing an extra 40p per kWh, matches the energy consumed with investment in renewable energy.
The EDF group plans to invest €3bn in new renewable energies over the next few years and by 2010, the Group, along with its partners, aims to deploy 3,300 MW of wind power both in Europe and in the United States.
Enel
In 2005, Enel had a renewable energy capacity of 16,672 MW accounting for just over 36% of its total electricity generation capacity.
Electricity generation during 2005 amounted to 124,978 GWh, of which 27% was sourced from renewable energies.
The majority of Enel’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydroelectric energy.
Enel’s renewable energy product Energia Pura is sold to business consumers. The tariff allows the business consumer to invest in RECs (Renewable Energy Certificates) which are guaranteed to be sourced from 100% renewable energy.
The company plans to produce 30% of its total power output from renewable resources by 2010. Enel plans to invest €1.3bn in renewable generation and gain 300 MW of additional capacity between 2006 and 2010. The company will focus on geothermal plants, wind facilities and upgrading its hydro plants.
Vattenfall
In 2005, Vattenfall had a renewable energy capacity of 11,560 MW accounting for over 35% of its total electricity generation capacity.
Electricity generation during 2005 amounted to 169,100 GWh of which 23.9% was sourced from renewable energies (40,400 GWh).
The majority of Vattenfall’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydroelectric energy.
Vattenfall does not offer a specific “green energy” tariff. Rather it sources its electricity from renewable sources where available. For example within Nordic countries, the majority of renewable electricity is sourced from hydropower, whereas Germany’s electricity is mainly sourced from lignite.
Vattenfall invested SEK 18.3m in wind power and SEK 65.9m in 2005 obtaining a return of 1.0% and 25.3% respectively on the investments.
Endesa
In 2005, Endesa had a renewable energy capacity of 8,162 MW accounting for approximately 17.8% of its total capacity.
Electricity generation during 2005 was 185,264 GWh of which 4% was attributed to hydropower and a further 1% from other renewable sources.
Most of the Endesa’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydroelectric power.
Endesa supplies the Tarifa Eléctrica Verde to customers. The product is between 2 to 3 years old and will supply REC credited renewable power, including some reforestation commitments.
In 2005, Endesa earmarked around €2,100m for its renewable energy development plan, nearly 30% of total planned investment in growth between 2005 and 2009.
In October 2006, the Eólicas de Portugal consortium, in which Endesa has a 30% stake, won a concession tendered by the Portuguese government for the installation of wind farms with a total capacity of 1,200 MW.
In February 2007, a takeover bid was launched by E.on on Endesa stock. Endesa viewed the bid favorably and as at February 2007, Endesa’s board are urging shareholders to accept the €4.1bn takeover bid.
E.on
In 2005, E.on had a renewable energy capacity of 6,208 MW, accounting for 11.6% of its total electricity generation capacity.
Electricity generation using renewable energies during 2005 amounted to 28,500 GWh, accounting for 12.1% of total electricity generation.
The majority of E.on’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydroelectric energy (83.5% of total renewable generation and 10.1% of total generation).
In the UK, Powergen markets E.on’s green product – Greenplan – this product guarantees that every unit of electricity supplied to a “GreenPlan” customer, will be matched by one from a renewable energy source. In addition, each unit of electricity used will also be matched by Powergen as a contribution to the
GreenPlan fund.
The E.on Group announced within its 2005 annual report that it intended to spend over €1.2bn on upgrading its renewable generation assets and additionally announced that of this, it would spend €300m acquiring stakes in wind farms within the EU.
In February 2007 E.on announced a final bid for Endesa at €38.75 per share, creating a total bid of €41bn. Suez
In 2005, the Suez Group (Suez) had a worldwide renewable energy capacity of 11,185 MW, accounting for 19.3% of its total electricity generation capacity. Of this capacity, the European sector, mostly operated through Electrabel (acquired in 2005), the company had a renewable energy capacity of 5,380 MW, accounting for 18.5% of Electrabel’s total capacity.
The Suez Group operates its European energy business through Suez Energy Europe – Electrabel is now part of this business.
Electricity generation for Electrabel in 2005 amounted to 130,742 GWh. Of this amount, 13.2% was generated from renewable sources (17,258 GWh). The majority of the renewable energy generation within Electrabel was sourced from hydroelectric energy.
Electrabel, promoted a product, Electrabel Green, to the Belgian electricity market in 2005. In France, Electrabel developed the AlpEnergie series of products where customers are able to opt for green electricity generated from either 25% or 100% renewable energy sources.
Electrabel has set a target for 18% of its power generation to be sourced from renewable energy by 2009. In order to do this, the company intends to implement new renewable energy projects totaling around 1,800 MW.
RWE
In 2005, the RWE Group had a renewable energy capacity of 5,021 MW accounting for 11.6% of its total electricity generation capacity. Within this capacity, RWE Power (Europe) had a renewable energy capacity of 654 MW while RWE npower (UK) had 316 MW.
Electricity generation sourced from renewable energy during 2005 amounted to 7,100 GWh, representing 3.2% of total energy generation. Renewable generation for RWE Power (Europe) was 2,792 GWh of which 83.5% was sourced from hydroelectricity while RWE npower accounted for 782 GWh of which 87.8% was
sourced from wind energy.
The majority of RWE’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydroelectric energy.
In the UK, RWE operates subsidiary nPower which promotes a product – Juice for residential customers. Within this product, the company states that for each unit of electricity an npower Juice customer uses, an equivalent amount will be fed into the electricity network from a renewable source, predominantly the North Hoyle Offshore Wind Farm.
RWE is planning to invest €650m over the next five years to expand the use of renewable energies. The company intends to build more wind farms and concentrate particularly at coastal sites near the shore in the UK.
CEZ
In 2005, the CEZ Group had a renewable energy capacity of 1,935 MW accounting for 15.7% of its total electricity generation capacity.
Electricity generation from renewable energies during 2005 amounted to 2,189 GWh. This represented approximately 3.6% of total electricity generation for the CEZ Group.
The majority of CEZ’s renewable energy generation was sourced from hydro power stations (70%) while the remainder was sourced from biomass plants (5.3%) and wind and solar plants (less then 0.1%).
In September 2005, CEZ rolled-out a new environmental program called Zelená elektřina (Green Electricity), promoting the generation and supply of electricity from renewable energy sources in the domestic market.
In April 2006, CEZ announced plans to invest €1bn (CZK 30bn) within the next 15 years (€660m (CZK 20bn) of that amount will be invested in new wind plants).
ScottishPower
During the financial year 2005/2006, ScottishPower had a total generation capacity, within the UK and Ireland, of 6,236 MW. Of this, 13.6% was sourced from renewable energies (8.8% from hydropower, and 4.5% from wind power).
Renewable energy generation during 2005/2006 amounted to 23,000 GWh. Of this, 2.9% (664 GWh) was sourced from renewable energies. The majority of ScottishPower’s renewable energy generation was sourced from wind power (82.7% of renewable energy generation).
ScottishPower has two Green Energy options for residential consumers: Green Energy H20 and the Green Energy Fund. For the business consumer, ScottishPower offers the Green Source tariff allowing the business user to use renewable sources of electricity generation (such as hydro, wind, landfill and biomass).
The company’s net capital investment was £224m throughout 2005/2006 and of this, 47% was invested in wind farm developments. ScottishPower is the largest developer and owner of onshore wind power in the UK
The company rebuffed a takeover bid from E.on in November 2005 stating that 570p a share offer did not reflect ScottishPower’s “fair value and its prospects”.
Other potential takeovers have been from Scottish and Southern Energy as well as RWE.
In November 2006, an unofficial rumor was in circulation that Iberdrola, the Spanish energy company, might offer a bid for the company. This came to fruition in 2007 when the Spanish company made an €17.1bn (£11.6bn) take-over bid. In February 2007 the bid received EU regulatory approval and approval from the US Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS).
Nuon
In 2005, Nuon had a renewable energy capacity of 820 MW accounting for 21% of its total electricity generation capacity.
Electricity generation using renewable energies during 2005 amounted to 1,181 GWh (7.7% of total generation).
The majority of Nuon’s renewable energy generation was sourced from wind power (84% of total renewable generation).
Nuon has a variety of green energy products available for the residential and business customer. These include Nuon Natuurstroom available for domestic and business customers and offering energy sourced from both wind and solar power.Customer uptake for this product was 125,968 customers in 2005.
In 2005, Nuon invested €27.5m in renewable energy - €25.7m was invested in wind energy while the remaining €1.8m was invested in small scale hydropower.
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